hello indah ✨🌸🌸🌻I am really happy to say it’s an interesting post to read . I learn new information from your article , you are doing a great job . Keep it up🙌
Hello Karin, which parts of Politeness theory that you try to explain here? I can't understand what you trying to explain through your PPT. I'll wait for the answer and next explanation. Thank you so much ^^
Whats up Ratih? how you doing? You knnow that im not that kinda person who explain things properly and i kinda point things out here, so im not try to explain you spesifictly here. sorry.
What the purpose of theory politeness? May i know within follow the example of that and make sure im understand about this theory, because your information so simple but not clear
Hi yona thank you for clicking into my blog, read it and thank you for asking me this question. well, let me help you to get the answer then,
so, The Politeness theory is a theory that appeared within the framework of pragmatic approach in linguistics. According to this theory the interlocutors use particular strategies in order to achieve successful communication. These strategies enable to create maximally comfortable environment for communication.
The key ideas of politeness theory were offered in the works by P. Brown and S. Levinson “Politeness: some universals on language usage”. Relying on the works by American sociologist Erving Goffmann [Goffman 1967], the authors chose the notion of “face” as the basis of their theory. It reflects two opposite needs of a human: on the one hand, a desire to be approved of and appreciated by the interlocutor («positive face»), on the other hand, to have his/her independent point of view and relative freedom of opinion («negative face»). Therefore, politeness is understood as the ability of people to use interactive strategies depending on communicative situation. By their means the communicator is capable of making a good impression on the interlocutor and creating a positive self-image or, on the contrary, expanding his/her personal space [Holmes J. 2006].
Brown and Levinson gradually develop their concept considering every action of the communicants from a perspective of a potential threat to an individual face. According to the authors’ position, a person tends to protect their own face in the communication process thus deviating from clear and direct communication. On this basis we can distinguish the strategies of positive politeness (for instance, demonstration of interest, sympathy) and negative politeness (for example, expressing pessimism, apologizing). Moreover, estimating face threatening acts three basic socio-cultural variables are taken into consideration: social distance between interlocutors, the degree of power on each other and ranking. [Holmes J. 2006].
The comprehensive theory offered by the researchers became the centre of attention of scholars from different fields of science: the concept was used for cross-cultural comparison of speech acts, in gender research, in social psychology etc. However, despite the obvious contribution of the scientists into … formation and development of politeness theory, Brown and Levinson’s research got a whole range of critical remarks and, thus, new approaches to studying this phenomenon were outlined (see Hymes (1986); Bordieu (1990, 1991); Watts (2003); Elen (2011), Ларина (2009) and others).
In particular, the universal application of Grice’s Maxims (Grice 1975) and static perception of the process of interference were negatively received by some scientists. As a result, in response to such remarks the Relevance theory [Sperber, Wilson 1995] appears that tries to overcome the drawbacks of the previous theory. [Pizziconi 2006].
Despite the fact that the basic ideas of the study of politeness were formed within the framework of the pragmatic approach it does not cover all the aspects of this particular phenomenon. Nowadays, the issue remains quite relevant. It is essential not only to specify the notion of politeness but also to consider the appearance and distribution of this speech norm and the boundaries of its variability within the context of different cultures. Further work on the issue of politeness is continued from the perspective of critical discourse analysis, Relevance theory; the analysis of empirical data also reveals new prospects for further researches [Pizziconi 2006].
i'm sure you dunno what is that. yeah, it's true because i can't find the ways things this materials . and.... yeah, i will come back and back again~ see ya!
Hi wella, it seems like you really look myself down by saying that i might do not know a single thing that i post on my blog about pragmatic, well honey you are truly wrong. You know what? if you can not find the anwer in my blog its because you can't understand the way my blog works which is the trouble is in you not me. thank you, please come back again.
HI AGAIN WELLA. yes girl as you can see the slide its just three. and why are you questioning it? can not you see it by your OWN FREAKING EYES? come on don't be naive. we are all just here to knock each other down. you know that right?
Finally, you ask me the smart question after you just saying random things on the comment section. this is the answer dear, go get your self a little bit of information from my blog. enjoy
The Politeness theory is a theory that appeared within the framework of pragmatic approach in linguistics. According to this theory the interlocutors use particular strategies in order to achieve successful communication. These strategies enable to create maximally comfortable environment for communication.
The key ideas of politeness theory were offered in the works by P. Brown and S. Levinson “Politeness: some universals on language usage”. Relying on the works by American sociologist Erving Goffmann [Goffman 1967], the authors chose the notion of “face” as the basis of their theory. It reflects two opposite needs of a human: on the one hand, a desire to be approved of and appreciated by the interlocutor («positive face»), on the other hand, to have his/her independent point of view and relative freedom of opinion («negative face»). Therefore, politeness is understood as the ability of people to use interactive strategies depending on communicative situation. By their means the communicator is capable of making a good impression on the interlocutor and creating a positive self-image or, on the contrary, expanding his/her personal space [Holmes J. 2006].
Brown and Levinson gradually develop their concept considering every action of the communicants from a perspective of a potential threat to an individual face. According to the authors’ position, a person tends to protect their own face in the communication process thus deviating from clear and direct communication. On this basis we can distinguish the strategies of positive politeness (for instance, demonstration of interest, sympathy) and negative politeness (for example, expressing pessimism, apologizing). Moreover, estimating face threatening acts three basic socio-cultural variables are taken into consideration: social distance between interlocutors, the degree of power on each other and ranking. [Holmes J. 2006].
The comprehensive theory offered by the researchers became the centre of attention of scholars from different fields of science: the concept was used for cross-cultural comparison of speech acts, in gender research, in social psychology etc. However, despite the obvious contribution of the scientists into … formation and development of politeness theory, Brown and Levinson’s research got a whole range of critical remarks and, thus, new approaches to studying this phenomenon were outlined (see Hymes (1986); Bordieu (1990, 1991); Watts (2003); Elen (2011), Ларина (2009) and others).
In particular, the universal application of Grice’s Maxims (Grice 1975) and static perception of the process of interference were negatively received by some scientists. As a result, in response to such remarks the Relevance theory [Sperber, Wilson 1995] appears that tries to overcome the drawbacks of the previous theory. [Pizziconi 2006].
Despite the fact that the basic ideas of the study of politeness were formed within the framework of the pragmatic approach it does not cover all the aspects of this particular phenomenon. Nowadays, the issue remains quite relevant. It is essential not only to specify the notion of politeness but also to consider the appearance and distribution of this speech norm and the boundaries of its variability within the context of different cultures. Further work on the issue of politeness is continued from the perspective of critical discourse analysis, Relevance theory; the analysis of empirical data also reveals new prospects for further researches [Pizziconi 2006].
Well dear wella, honey, you can do whatever the heck you want to do. Human has different way to understand thing. it depend on their brain. if you cant understand and cant get information from my blog then there is something wrong with your brain honey
i hope this is the last time you spamming on my blog, well, I live my life as i want and i am not trying to live my life to impress or to make you interest about it, my blog as well. just let it be like that. there's nothing bothered you, right? am i make my self clear out here?
Hi putri, thank you so much for clicking into my blog and asking me this question, i hope you are in a health condition and protect by God. nope, i dont apply it. you know that these things are not even make sense, you know that we are here just so that we can get the highest score. dont be naive
HAHAHAHAHHAHAH LMAO. why should i do the things that you told me to do? first of all, YOU ARE NOT THE BOSS OF ME. so stop tell me what to do. second, thanks for the suggestion but i am not buying it. go get yourself a pastel blog. you weird
HI DION. HOW ARE YOU TODAY? are you okay? I heard you forcing yourself commenting all the people's blog for getting A score? dude go get yourself a rest. i don't care if you want to walking in the middle of the night. you can do it anyway
SO you want my opinion? I guess its important because its shows you how to act politely in ocasionall context. but you know, many people dont care with it anymore. its 2020 where people don't give a shit to other people. im just saying, not hating
WOAH. Dion, do you think i care about their theories? I DON'T. i dont even care if its has weakness and strong part. because they dont even know me, they dont even know that im exist
dude you are running out of question don't you? please get a coffee and stop being random. I SAY ITS BETTER BECAUSE I wrote BROWN LEVINSON in my blog. its just that simple, you know
Hi indah. Your ppt design is quite good. To be honest i interest about politeness theory. I still curious about is the statement from the experts about politeness theory can be "standard" for all languages in the world ? I appreciate it of you don't mind to answer it.
Hi Sonia, thank you for clicking into my blog and ask me this super basic question. so here is your answer dear.
The theory of politeness suggests strategies in social interaction by which a person can use to save the hearer’s face upon the effect of face-threatening acts or FTAs. Face threatening acts are described by Brown and Levinson as the acts that infringe the hearer’s need of maintaining his/her self-esteem and be respected. Brown and Levinson accepted that the notion of face is respected as universal norms or values subscribed to by the members of the society. In that regard, this article provides a discussion about various viewpoints on the debate of universality of politeness theory and criticisms addressed by eastern-pragmaticists that this theory should not be seen as universally applicable. Cultural differences, as suggested by non-western pragmaticists, accord what is accepted in the context of face in western culture to be not accepted in other cultures. Therefeore, although we accept that Brown & Levinson’s theory has made a significant breakthrough in elaborating politeness, appropriation of this theory should be accounted in intercultural communication instead to accept it as universal.
hi beautiful i have read many different theories and i also found some interesting things to choose it but not with this theory can you explain which parts that make you like and are interested in discussing this theory on your blog?
Hi cutie, thank you for clicking into my blog dear, so this is the answer
The concept of face was derived from Chinese into English in the 19th century.[14] “Face” conceptualized as an individual’s positive claim of social values in socializing contact was introduced into academia by Erving Goffman through his theories of "face" and "facework".[14][15][7][8] According to Brown and Levinson's assumption in politeness theory based on Goffman's “face”, one's face is categorized into two forms: positive and negative.[16][3] Brown and Levinson defined positive face two ways: as "the want of every member that his wants be desirable to at least some others executors" (p. 62), or alternatively, "the positive consistent self-image or 'personality' (crucially including the desire that this self-image be appreciated and approved of) claimed by interactants" (p. 61).[17] Negative face was defined as "the want of every 'competent adult member' that his actions be unimpeded by others", or "the basic claim to territories, personal preserves, rights to non-distraction—i.e. the freedom of action and freedom from imposition".[17] Whereas positive face involves a desire for connection with others, negative face needs include autonomy and independence.[12]
Ten years later, Brown characterized positive face by desires to be liked, admired, ratified, and related to positively, noting that one would threaten positive face by ignoring someone. At the same time, she characterized negative face by the desire not to be imposed upon, noting that negative face could be impinged upon by imposing on someone.[18] Positive face refers to one's self-esteem, while negative face refers to one's freedom to act.[1][19] These two aspects of face are the basic wants in any social interaction; during any social interaction, cooperation is needed amongst the participants to maintain each other's face.[1] Participants can do this by using positive politeness and negative politeness, which pay attention to people's positive and negative face needs respectively
hallo, you are blog is very bad for theme. because it make blind what are you fill although ppt. Your blog is like being in the trash and and unattractive. makes me feel bored so it is suitable to make us sleep bad theme blog ...
What the purpose of theory politeness? May i know within follow the example of that and make sure im understand about this theory, because your information so simple but not clear
Your ppt design is quite good. To be honest i interest about politeness theory. I still curious about is the statement from the experts about politeness theory can be "standard" for all languages in the world ? I appreciate it of you don't mind to answer it.
I don't hate you. I'm just not necessarily excited about your post here. I can't help, but for some reason, your post lack of explanation and there's nothing to understand.
your power point looks so good overall, but the materi isn't good i think, your ppt look like you just copy paste some article from other link. you must read and you create by your own word to your power point for the readers can easier to understand what the materi will you give.
Hi indah. Your ppt design is quite good. To be honest i interest about politeness theory. I still curious about is the statement from the experts about politeness theory can be "standard" for all languages in the world ? I appreciate it of you don't mind to answer it.
hello indah ✨🌸🌸🌻I am really happy to say it’s an interesting post to read . I learn new information from your article , you are doing a great job . Keep it up🙌
BalasHapusAWW. Thank you so much Sanda, this is the nicest thing that someone told me in 2020 so far. lol :)
HapusHello Karin, which parts of Politeness theory that you try to explain here? I can't understand what you trying to explain through your PPT. I'll wait for the answer and next explanation. Thank you so much ^^
BalasHapusWhats up Ratih? how you doing? You knnow that im not that kinda person who explain things properly and i kinda point things out here, so im not try to explain you spesifictly here. sorry.
Hapuswhen other people's blogs are more perfect, you just make your blog worse, stop writing, what you do is just useless.
BalasHapuswhen i dont give a damn about other people's blog
HapusSo short is your material, is that really your material or are you lazy?😏😏😏😏
BalasHapusthat is how pragmatic works nelia! its super simple and straight to the point
HapusI thiNk you don't have intention when you make it... Am i right?
BalasHapusyeah you are very true
HapusCan you concludeb this theory karina sianturi??
BalasHapusthe conclusion is politeness is a theory that created by brown levinson hehe
HapusSo what the different Politeness in semantics and Politeness in pragmatic?
BalasHapuspoliteness in semantic are more straight to the point than semantic
Hapusi mean politness in pragmatic more to the point
HapusCan you being creative person? I don't find your creativity in your blog. Very bored and make me lazy read your blog. Huh
BalasHapusWHAATTT? THIS IS ART YOU KNOW
Hapuslife is hard, seeing your blog gets harder. your blog is a disaster
BalasHapuswhy are you commenting the same sentences to me and to other people as well? you running out of ideas?
HapusWhat the purpose of theory politeness? May i know within follow the example of that and make sure im understand about this theory, because your information so simple but not clear
BalasHapusHi yona thank you for clicking into my blog, read it and thank you for asking me this question. well, let me help you to get the answer then,
Hapusso, The Politeness theory is a theory that appeared within the framework of pragmatic approach in linguistics. According to this theory the interlocutors use particular strategies in order to achieve successful communication. These strategies enable to create maximally comfortable environment for communication.
The key ideas of politeness theory were offered in the works by P. Brown and S. Levinson “Politeness: some universals on language usage”. Relying on the works by American sociologist Erving Goffmann [Goffman 1967], the authors chose the notion of “face” as the basis of their theory. It reflects two opposite needs of a human: on the one hand, a desire to be approved of and appreciated by the interlocutor («positive face»), on the other hand, to have his/her independent point of view and relative freedom of opinion («negative face»). Therefore, politeness is understood as the ability of people to use interactive strategies depending on communicative situation. By their means the communicator is capable of making a good impression on the interlocutor and creating a positive self-image or, on the contrary, expanding his/her personal space [Holmes J. 2006].
Brown and Levinson gradually develop their concept considering every action of the communicants from a perspective of a potential threat to an individual face. According to the authors’ position, a person tends to protect their own face in the communication process thus deviating from clear and direct communication. On this basis we can distinguish the strategies of positive politeness (for instance, demonstration of interest, sympathy) and negative politeness (for example, expressing pessimism, apologizing). Moreover, estimating face threatening acts three basic socio-cultural variables are taken into consideration: social distance between interlocutors, the degree of power on each other and ranking. [Holmes J. 2006].
The comprehensive theory offered by the researchers became the centre of attention of scholars from different fields of science: the concept was used for cross-cultural comparison of speech acts, in gender research, in social psychology etc. However, despite the obvious contribution of the scientists into … formation and development of politeness theory, Brown and Levinson’s research got a whole range of critical remarks and, thus, new approaches to studying this phenomenon were outlined (see Hymes (1986); Bordieu (1990, 1991); Watts (2003); Elen (2011), Ларина (2009) and others).
In particular, the universal application of Grice’s Maxims (Grice 1975) and static perception of the process of interference were negatively received by some scientists. As a result, in response to such remarks the Relevance theory [Sperber, Wilson 1995] appears that tries to overcome the drawbacks of the previous theory. [Pizziconi 2006].
Despite the fact that the basic ideas of the study of politeness were formed within the framework of the pragmatic approach it does not cover all the aspects of this particular phenomenon. Nowadays, the issue remains quite relevant. It is essential not only to specify the notion of politeness but also to consider the appearance and distribution of this speech norm and the boundaries of its variability within the context of different cultures. Further work on the issue of politeness is continued from the perspective of critical discourse analysis, Relevance theory; the analysis of empirical data also reveals new prospects for further researches [Pizziconi 2006].
hai, nice to see ya!
BalasHapusim very interesting with your blog, cause its interesting wekekekekek oops,.. i just kidding.
i know right! I kinda interesting too HAHAHA
Hapusi'm sure you dunno what is that. yeah, it's true because i can't find the ways things this materials
BalasHapus.
and.... yeah, i will come back and back again~ see ya!
Hi wella, it seems like you really look myself down by saying that i might do not know a single thing that i post on my blog about pragmatic, well honey you are truly wrong. You know what? if you can not find the anwer in my blog its because you can't understand the way my blog works which is the trouble is in you not me. thank you, please come back again.
Hapusis it clear? just three slide?????????????????????????? wow amazing wkwkkwkwwkwkwkwkwkkwwk
BalasHapusHI AGAIN WELLA. yes girl as you can see the slide its just three. and why are you questioning it? can not you see it by your OWN FREAKING EYES? come on don't be naive. we are all just here to knock each other down. you know that right?
HapusWhy should we study Political Theory? give me your argument it relevant to Solving our Problems. make clear and simpel.
BalasHapusFinally, you ask me the smart question after you just saying random things on the comment section. this is the answer dear, go get your self a little bit of information from my blog. enjoy
HapusThe Politeness theory is a theory that appeared within the framework of pragmatic approach in linguistics. According to this theory the interlocutors use particular strategies in order to achieve successful communication. These strategies enable to create maximally comfortable environment for communication.
The key ideas of politeness theory were offered in the works by P. Brown and S. Levinson “Politeness: some universals on language usage”. Relying on the works by American sociologist Erving Goffmann [Goffman 1967], the authors chose the notion of “face” as the basis of their theory. It reflects two opposite needs of a human: on the one hand, a desire to be approved of and appreciated by the interlocutor («positive face»), on the other hand, to have his/her independent point of view and relative freedom of opinion («negative face»). Therefore, politeness is understood as the ability of people to use interactive strategies depending on communicative situation. By their means the communicator is capable of making a good impression on the interlocutor and creating a positive self-image or, on the contrary, expanding his/her personal space [Holmes J. 2006].
Brown and Levinson gradually develop their concept considering every action of the communicants from a perspective of a potential threat to an individual face. According to the authors’ position, a person tends to protect their own face in the communication process thus deviating from clear and direct communication. On this basis we can distinguish the strategies of positive politeness (for instance, demonstration of interest, sympathy) and negative politeness (for example, expressing pessimism, apologizing). Moreover, estimating face threatening acts three basic socio-cultural variables are taken into consideration: social distance between interlocutors, the degree of power on each other and ranking. [Holmes J. 2006].
The comprehensive theory offered by the researchers became the centre of attention of scholars from different fields of science: the concept was used for cross-cultural comparison of speech acts, in gender research, in social psychology etc. However, despite the obvious contribution of the scientists into … formation and development of politeness theory, Brown and Levinson’s research got a whole range of critical remarks and, thus, new approaches to studying this phenomenon were outlined (see Hymes (1986); Bordieu (1990, 1991); Watts (2003); Elen (2011), Ларина (2009) and others).
In particular, the universal application of Grice’s Maxims (Grice 1975) and static perception of the process of interference were negatively received by some scientists. As a result, in response to such remarks the Relevance theory [Sperber, Wilson 1995] appears that tries to overcome the drawbacks of the previous theory. [Pizziconi 2006].
Despite the fact that the basic ideas of the study of politeness were formed within the framework of the pragmatic approach it does not cover all the aspects of this particular phenomenon. Nowadays, the issue remains quite relevant. It is essential not only to specify the notion of politeness but also to consider the appearance and distribution of this speech norm and the boundaries of its variability within the context of different cultures. Further work on the issue of politeness is continued from the perspective of critical discourse analysis, Relevance theory; the analysis of empirical data also reveals new prospects for further researches [Pizziconi 2006].
i think i must block your blog, because your blog does not make poeole get informatioin =_=
BalasHapusWell dear wella, honey, you can do whatever the heck you want to do. Human has different way to understand thing. it depend on their brain. if you cant understand and cant get information from my blog then there is something wrong with your brain honey
HapusIf you are already using your blog, i think its your time to make me interesting once more :)))))
BalasHapusi hope this is the last time you spamming on my blog, well, I live my life as i want and i am not trying to live my life to impress or to make you interest about it, my blog as well. just let it be like that. there's nothing bothered you, right? am i make my self clear out here?
HapusSo have you applied this theory to your life? how do you apply it
BalasHapusHi putri, thank you so much for clicking into my blog and asking me this question, i hope you are in a health condition and protect by God.
Hapusnope, i dont apply it. you know that these things are not even make sense, you know that we are here just so that we can get the highest score. dont be naive
Your blog is nice. But you must give another coulour for make your blog interesting. Pastel colour maybe. Its very beautiful
BalasHapusHAHAHAHAHHAHAH LMAO. why should i do the things that you told me to do? first of all, YOU ARE NOT THE BOSS OF ME. so stop tell me what to do. second, thanks for the suggestion but i am not buying it. go get yourself a pastel blog. you weird
HapusI better walking in the night, than must read this one
BalasHapusHI DION. HOW ARE YOU TODAY? are you okay? I heard you forcing yourself commenting all the people's blog for getting A score? dude go get yourself a rest.
Hapusi don't care if you want to walking in the middle of the night. you can do it anyway
In your opinion, why is politeness theory very useful for human life?
BalasHapusSO you want my opinion? I guess its important because its shows you how to act politely in ocasionall context. but you know, many people dont care with it anymore. its 2020 where people don't give a shit to other people. im just saying, not hating
HapusDoes Brown and Levinson's theory have weaknesses?
BalasHapusWOAH. Dion, do you think i care about their theories? I DON'T. i dont even care if its has weakness and strong part. because they dont even know me, they dont even know that im exist
HapusIn your opinion, why is Brown and Levinson's theory better than other pragmatics theories?
BalasHapusdude you are running out of question don't you? please get a coffee and stop being random. I SAY ITS BETTER BECAUSE I wrote BROWN LEVINSON in my blog. its just that simple, you know
HapusCan Politeness theory be related to education?
BalasHapusYOU DUMB, if its not related to the education then IT WILL NOT BE IN THE EDUCATION SYSTEM RIGHT NOW BRO
HapusPLEASE STOP BEING SO DUMB AND ANNNOYING. THIS IS A SUPER BASIC KNOWLEDGE YOU KNOW
HapusGive 5 example of Politeness Theory!
BalasHapus1. open up google
Hapus2. type what you want to know
3. klick enter
4. choose one
5. READ THEM
I think your blog must add some picture to improve the quality of blogger performance
BalasHapusWhy are you telling me what to do?
HapusI think you forgot to put a reference link in this post
BalasHapuswhy should i put it in my post? no one care, you dont even read them haha
HapusThis is my blog i can do whatever i want to do here
HapusMind your own business bro
HapusWhat's the conclucion of Politeness theory?
BalasHapusThis is so childish, you run out of questions bro? can i help?
HapusIn your opinion, can the theory of politeness be used as a subject for children in education in Indonesia?
BalasHapusof course dude, we are indonesian, where politeness is put in number one above everything. you forgot it? haha
HapusHi indah. Your ppt design is quite good. To be honest i interest about politeness theory. I still curious about is the statement from the experts about politeness theory can be "standard" for all languages in the world ? I appreciate it of you don't mind to answer it.
BalasHapusHi Sonia, thank you for clicking into my blog and ask me this super basic question. so here is your answer dear.
HapusThe theory of politeness suggests strategies in social interaction by which a person can use to save the hearer’s face upon the effect of face-threatening acts or FTAs. Face threatening acts are described by Brown and Levinson as the acts that infringe the hearer’s need of maintaining his/her self-esteem and be respected. Brown and Levinson accepted that the notion of face is respected as universal norms or values subscribed to by the members of the society. In that regard, this article provides a discussion about various viewpoints on the debate of universality of politeness theory and criticisms addressed by eastern-pragmaticists that this theory should not be seen as universally applicable. Cultural differences, as suggested by non-western pragmaticists, accord what is accepted in the context of face in western culture to be not accepted in other cultures. Therefeore, although we accept that Brown & Levinson’s theory has made a significant breakthrough in elaborating politeness, appropriation of this theory should be accounted in intercultural communication instead to accept it as universal.
hi beautiful i have read many different theories and i also found some interesting things to choose it but not with this theory can you explain which parts that make you like and are interested in discussing this theory on your blog?
BalasHapusHi cutie, thank you for clicking into my blog dear, so this is the answer
HapusThe concept of face was derived from Chinese into English in the 19th century.[14] “Face” conceptualized as an individual’s positive claim of social values in socializing contact was introduced into academia by Erving Goffman through his theories of "face" and "facework".[14][15][7][8] According to Brown and Levinson's assumption in politeness theory based on Goffman's “face”, one's face is categorized into two forms: positive and negative.[16][3] Brown and Levinson defined positive face two ways: as "the want of every member that his wants be desirable to at least some others executors" (p. 62), or alternatively, "the positive consistent self-image or 'personality' (crucially including the desire that this self-image be appreciated and approved of) claimed by interactants" (p. 61).[17] Negative face was defined as "the want of every 'competent adult member' that his actions be unimpeded by others", or "the basic claim to territories, personal preserves, rights to non-distraction—i.e. the freedom of action and freedom from imposition".[17] Whereas positive face involves a desire for connection with others, negative face needs include autonomy and independence.[12]
Ten years later, Brown characterized positive face by desires to be liked, admired, ratified, and related to positively, noting that one would threaten positive face by ignoring someone. At the same time, she characterized negative face by the desire not to be imposed upon, noting that negative face could be impinged upon by imposing on someone.[18] Positive face refers to one's self-esteem, while negative face refers to one's freedom to act.[1][19] These two aspects of face are the basic wants in any social interaction; during any social interaction, cooperation is needed amongst the participants to maintain each other's face.[1] Participants can do this by using positive politeness and negative politeness, which pay attention to people's positive and negative face needs respectively
give me an example please. why u put the PPT on ur blog, but there is no example or explanation about that?!
BalasHapushi indah karina! why u choose politeness theory ? any relation about this theory between around us?
BalasHapusHello indah! have a great day!
BalasHapusWhy you choose this theory to you share to people. What important the politenese theory for our life?
BalasHapusAnd please give me another example of politenes thery according to expert!
BalasHapusI think your ppt is too flat!🤔🤔
BalasHapusYour explanation is too short and no more ideas there. Hmmmm🙄
BalasHapusBetter if you uppload a video about you and your ukulele and make a song about politenes theory hehehehhehe😁😂🤣😃😄😅😅
BalasHapusi know right but sadly i sell my ukulele :')
HapusIs the politenes theory important in our life? Why?
BalasHapusof course it is important.
Hapushai indah, Can you being creative person? I don't find your creativity in your blog. Very bored and make me lazy read your blog.
BalasHapushai indah? give me an example please. why u put the PPT on ur blog, but there is no example or explanation about that?!
BalasHapusHi ichsan. because i need to put it on my blog. thats my material you know. KAPPANG
Hapuswoi indah, your explanation is too short and no more ideas there. Hmmm kappang you.
BalasHapusHAHAHAHAH LOL I LIKE EVERYTHING THAT SHORT YOU KNOW
HapusWhat are the benefits of making this?
BalasHapusdude, you can read it and you can get information you know
HapusHey i love your templet blog❤
BalasHapusSo short ppt indah
BalasHapusToo short, but its okay, bcs i like your template, i want it :)
BalasHapusi want your template, i want it i get it hehe
BalasHapusso, what the benefits this theory in our daily life ?
BalasHapusSorry, it doesn't matter to me what you made.
BalasHapushallo, you are blog is very bad for theme. because it make blind what are you fill although ppt. Your blog is like being in the trash and and unattractive. makes me feel bored so it is suitable to make us sleep bad theme blog ...
BalasHapusThis is interesting post to read. I want to ask you ,what the different Politeness in semantics and Politeness in pragmatic?
BalasHapusAnd what is the benefit of this theory in our daily life? Is this useful or not?
BalasHapusHello .., i want to ask you now . How you practice this politeness theory in you daily life??and this difficult to practice its ??
BalasHapusReally nice the ppt theme but You know i cannot get the point from you explanation for this theory because really short
BalasHapusof all the blogs that I read, maybe your blog is the best ...
BalasHapusWhat the purpose of theory politeness? May i know within follow the example of that and make sure im understand about this theory, because your information so simple but not clear
BalasHapusYour ppt design is quite good. To be honest i interest about politeness theory. I still curious about is the statement from the experts about politeness theory can be "standard" for all languages in the world ? I appreciate it of you don't mind to answer it.
BalasHapus
BalasHapusI don't hate you. I'm just not necessarily excited about your post here. I can't help, but for some reason, your post lack of explanation and there's nothing to understand.
Balas
And i want to ask you now . How you practice this politeness theory in you daily life??and this difficult to practice its ??
BalasHapusum again, do you know theory in speech act if i wanted my friend to do something for me without saying a word. like how? can you explain me how :(
BalasHapusyour power point looks so good overall, but the materi isn't good i think, your ppt look like you just copy paste some article from other link. you must read and you create by your own word to your power point for the readers can easier to understand what the materi will you give.
BalasHapusSo From the part of explanation main publication, i didnot know what the definition of cognitive science and linguistic typology??
BalasHapusHello ..whether every place of politeness is different and how we show politeness , i mean the politeness has level??
BalasHapusThis blog must be deleted because it is not important and the material is not good
BalasHapusthis blog or poison makes people die
BalasHapusyour blog is bad like your face, thank you
BalasHapusHi indah. Your ppt design is quite good. To be honest i interest about politeness theory. I still curious about is the statement from the experts about politeness theory can be "standard" for all languages in the world ? I appreciate it of you don't mind to answer it.
BalasHapus